Glossary

A

• Algebraic Types - Ways to combine and structure data types

• Annotations - Paratextual information enclosed in [square brackets]

• AND - Logical conjunction operator

• Asyndetic Conjunction (...) - The semantics of implicit AND where the conjunction keyword is omitted; expressed using three-dot ellipsis syntax (see also: Ellipsis)

• Asyndetic Disjunction (..) - The semantics of implicit OR where the disjunction keyword is omitted; expressed using two-dot ellipsis syntax

• ASSUME - Declares a variable with a specific type

• AT - Temporal operator for specifying time points

• AT LEAST - Operator for minimum quantity conditions >=

• AT MOST - Operator for maximum quantity conditions <=

B

• Basic Data Types - Core data types including booleans, strings, numbers, and records

• Booleans - Basic true/false values represented as TRUE and FALSE

• Boolean Logic - Logical operators and conditional logic

• BY - Specifies the method or means of an action

C

• CHARAT - String function to get character at index (STRING → NUMBER → STRING)

• Comments - Single-line comments -- or block comments {- ... -}

• Conditional Logic - IF/THEN/ELSE structures

• CONSIDER - Pattern matching operator for type matching

• CONTAINS - String operator to check if string contains substring (STRING → STRING → BOOLEAN)

• DECIDE - Keyword for defining decision functions

• DIVIDED BY - Division operator for numbers ÷

D

• Days and Dates - Library with functions for day and date math

• Default Logic - Predefined values and their handling

• Default Reasoning - Logic for handling unspecified cases

• DECLARE - Keyword for defining new types

• Deontic Logic - Logic of obligation and permission

• Ditto Syntax - Using ^ to reference the word above in the same column

• DO - Action operator in regulative rules

• DOES - Alternative form of DO for actions

E

• EITHER - Algebraic data type for representing two possible types (LEFT/RIGHT)

• Ellipsis (... / ..) - The syntax for asyndetic operations: three dots (...) for AND, two dots (..) for OR; see Asyndetic Conjunction and Asyndetic Disjunction

• ELSE - Alternative branch in conditional logic

• ENDSWITH - String operator to check if string ends with suffix (STRING → STRING → BOOLEAN)

• EQUALS - Equality comparison operator

• EXACTLY - Operator for exact matching conditions

• EXPONENT - Exponentiation operator for numbers (base to the power of exponent)

• #EVAL - Directive for evaluating expressions inline

F

• FALSE - Boolean false value

• FOLLOWED - Temporal operator for sequence

• FOR - Specifies purpose or target

• FROM - Specifies source or origin

• Functions - Core building blocks for reusable code

• FULFILLED - State indicating successful completion

G

• GIVEN - Keyword for declaring function parameters

• GIVETH - Keyword for specifying return type

• GREATER THAN - Greater than comparison operator

H

• HAS - Keyword for defining record fields

• HENCE - Consequence operator in regulative rules

I

• Identifiers - Space-separated words enclosed in backticks

• IF - Conditional operator

• IMPLIES - Logical implication operator

• Inert Elements - String literals in boolean context that serve as grammatical scaffolding (TRUE in AND, FALSE in OR)

• IMPORT - Keyword for importing external definitions

• INDEXOF - String operator to find index of substring (STRING → STRING → NUMBER)

• IS - Type assertion operator

L

• LESS THAN - Less than comparison operator <

• LIST - Collection type for ordered elements

• LEST - Alternative consequence operator

• Logical Operators - AND, OR, NOT operations

M

• MAYBE - Algebraic data type for representing optional values (JUST/NOTHING)

• MEANS - Assignment operator for definitions

• MINUS - Subtraction operator -

• MODULO - Modulo operator for numbers %

• Math Library - Optional helpers such as EULER, exp, ln, and log10

• MUST - Obligation operator in regulative rules

• Multitemporal Logic - Handling time-based logic and constraints

N

• NOT - Logical negation operator

• NOTHING - Represents absence of value

• Numbers - Numeric values (no distinction between integers and floats)

• @nlg - Natural Language Generation annotation

O

• OF - Type composition operator

• ONE - Enumeration operator

• OR - Logical disjunction operator

• OTHERWISE - Alternative branch in conditional logic

P

• PARTY - Specifies actor in regulative rules

• PLUS - Addition operator +

• PROVIDED - Alternative to IF for preconditions

R

• RAND - Random AND operator

• REPLACE - String function to replace all occurrences (STRING → STRING → STRING → STRING)

• ROR - Random OR operator

• Records - Composite data types that group related data together

• References - Citations using @ symbol

• @ref - Reference annotation

• @ref-map - Reference mapping annotation

• @ref-src - Reference source annotation

• Regulative Rules - Rules governing behavior and constraints

• Return Values - Output values from functions

S

• #SEVAL - Directive for evaluating expressions in sections

• Shall Statements - Mandatory requirements and obligations

• SPLIT - String operator to split by delimiter (STRING → STRING → LIST OF STRING)

• SQRT - Square root function for numbers

• STARTSWITH - String operator to check if string starts with prefix (STRING → STRING → BOOLEAN)

• STARTING - Temporal operator for beginning

• STRING LENGTH - String function to get length (STRING → NUMBER)

• Strings - Text values enclosed in double quotes

• SUBSTRING - String function to extract substring (STRING → NUMBER → NUMBER → STRING)

T

• TBD - Placeholder for future implementation

• THE - Article in type definitions

• THEN - Consequence operator in conditional logic

• Time-based Rules - Rules that change over time

• TIMES - Multiplication operator *

• TO - Destination or target operator

• TO LOWER - String function to convert to lowercase (STRING → STRING)

• TO UPPER - String function to convert to uppercase (STRING → STRING)

• TRIM - String function to remove leading and trailing whitespace (STRING → STRING)

• TRUE - Boolean true value

• Types - Ways to combine and structure data types

• #TRACE - Directive for tracing execution

W

• WHEN - Pattern matching operator

• WHERE - Local definition scope

• WITH - Record construction operator

• WITHIN - Temporal operator for duration

Y

• YIELD - Return value operator